The ‘Father’ is the essence of God: divine intelligence, power and emotion.

GOD NAMED PARTS OF THE TRINITY HIMSELF

There are three parts to God’s trinity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit. These are not names theologians have given to the trinity. These are the names God gave himself and uses throughout the Bible.

Of all the words and phrases God could have used, it’s significant that he chose these names as the best words to communicate to us what he’s like. It’s reasonable to expect that these words hold within them depths of meaning which will help us understand him.

Of all the words God could have used to describe the soul-part (mind/will/emotion) of his trinity, he chose the word ‘Father.’ The deep meaning of this word is explained in this Topic 42.

Of all the words God could have used to describe the body-part of his trinity, he chose the word ‘Son.’ The deep meaning of that word is explained in Topic 43.

Of all the words God could have used to describe the spirit-part of his trinity, he chose the word ‘holy’ to modify the word ‘spirit.’ The deep meaning of the words ‘Holy Spirit’ is explained in Topic 44.

EVERYONE IS AWARE OF THE ‘FATHER’

The Bible says that every person has intuitive knowledge of the supernatural. God the Father is the supreme God of the universe, generally recognized and acknowledged by people everywhere.

He’s our designer, creator and sustainer. He established the physical and spiritual laws by which we live and die.

Everyone knows he’s ‘out there,’ but without understanding the trinity, as explained in the Bible, no one can really know him.

WHY GOD CALLS PART OF HIS TRINITY ‘FATHER’

A dominant theme throughout the Bible is that, by personal choice, we can become a member of God’s family. The family of God is not all mankind, but rather only those people who receive spiritual life by believing in his Son.

The Bible portrays a family concept with God as father and true Christians as adopted sons and daughters. In a traditional model family, the father is the wise authority who provides safety, comfort and love. This gives a picture of the intimate relationship we can have with God who, without the human imagery, we might otherwise view as too mighty and remote to care about us personally.

‘Father’ is a concept men, women and children everywhere can understand, regardless of time or culture. It’s God’s illustration to make something very profound become very simple and personal.

To further explain it – and to demonstrate it – God uses the family concept of ‘Son’ as the means of revealing himself when he came to earth in a human body. Without this family picture, we could easily get lost in cold, academic theology.

The concept of father also has within it these ideas:

  • life comes from the father
  • children have essential characteristics of the father
  • father gives good counsel but can’t force his wishes on children who, with independent free will, decide to go another direction
  • father has infinite love and patience and will always forgive, accept and help a son or daughter who sincerely repents of mistakes
  • father works to make his family safe and happy

‘FATHER’ IS SELF-EXISTING AND SELF-SUFFICIENT

The Bible says that God the Father has always existed and will always exist. His existence doesn’t depend upon anything else.

This concept is impossible for us to comprehend, and it illustrates limitations of the human mind. (The atheist’s view – that at one time something self-started from nothing and grows to intricate complexity without any plan – is equally mind-boggling.) A fact is not any less a fact just because we can’t understand it.

‘FATHER’ TRANSCENDS HUMAN LIMITATIONS

God the Father is infinite (not subject to any limitations). Unlike us, he’s not limited in time, place, knowledge or power.

TIME / eternal. The ‘Father’ has no beginning and no ending; therefore we say he’s eternal. He’s the timeless God who chose to reveal himself to us in time only because it’s the only dimension we know.

PLACE / omnipresent. The ‘Father’ is everywhere at once; therefore we say he’s omnipresent. It’s impossible to hide from him.

KNOWLEDGE / omniscient. The ‘Father’ knows everything; therefore we say he’s omniscient. He knows the future as well as the past. We can’t fool him because he knows everything we are and everything we do.

POWER / omnipotent. The ‘Father’ is all-powerful and therefore we say he’s omnipotent. He can do anything, but he doesn’t violate his own character or break his promises.

Even though God the Father is infinite, he’s able to meet us, because of his trinity – in a very human and practical way – through the Son and Holy Spirit, explained in Topics 43 and 44.


tinity similarities graphic

We get some understanding of the way God functions as a trinity by considering the way we function as a trinity:

SOUL: Our soul (mind/will/emotion) has the capacity to exclude the outward world and hold discussion with itself – ask questions and answer them, propose difficulties and solve them, offer objections and repel them – while at the same time acting like a neutral spectator, taking watchful note of what is advanced on both sides of the debate and passing judgment on the issues. The soul is very creative and it can rove with great speed and freedom. The soul is the essence of our being.

BODY: Our body, like God’s, is subordinated to the soul. The soul decides what to do, and the body carries it out, if it can. The body has many limitations and therefore it severely restricts and slows us.

SPIRIT: The spirit is our connection with God. (In God’s trinity, the Spirit is his connection with us.) But our spirit is not connected automati­cally; it’s connected only as a deliberate act of our will (see Topics 44 and 62). When connected, we have a happy personal relationship with God and benefit from his counsel.

Each of us is a single person, but in many ways each of us is like three persons simultaneously living out the life in mental, physical and spiritual dimensions. This mirrors what God does in his trinity.

Here's a sampling of what the Bible says on this subject.

Matthew 28:19
Father, Son and Holy Spirit are names of God

Romans 1:20
Everyone knows there’s a divine power

Matthew 11:25
Father is Lord of heaven and earth

John 6:46
No one (except the Son) has ever seen the Father

Matthew 11:27
What we know about the Father is revealed by the Son

For help, see Topic 29.

God’s trinity enables him to be a personal God.

TRINITY IS THE WAY GOD BECOMES PERSONAL

Every religion has its own god or gods (see Topics 10-15). With few exceptions, the gods of the religions of the world are remote and impersonal. They’re high and mighty and don’t relate with ordinary people. They demand worship and sacrifice, and keep score, but they don’t have time or ability to get involved in the details of individual lives.

It’s important to know that the God of the Bible – the real God – is a personal God. He knows and cares about individual people! This is his distinguishing characteristic.

In fact, because God is personal, Christianity is more than a religion. It’s a new kind of life.

In order for God to have a personal relationship with us, one of two things must happen:

Man must rise up to the level of God

OR

God must come down to the level of man

Otherwise, we could only observe God’s creation, and stand in awe of him, but we could never know him personally.

God chose to come down to man, through his trinity. The trinity design is the interface between things human and things divine. The trinity design is what makes God personal.

Some people think God is so high and mighty that there’s no way anyone can comprehend him or his ways, and therefore they don’t even try to know him. These people don’t understand the role of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit, or the primary message of the Bible.

The trinity is not some bizarre notion without understandable purpose. It’s a highly practical way to bridge the gap between man and God.

Each part of the trinity – Father, Son and Holy Spirit – is explained in Topics 42-49.

TRINITY IS A FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY

God has organized himself in a way that makes his trinity appear to us as a functional hierarchy, in this order:

  • FATHER – in charge of the entire universe
  • SON – in charge of all mankind
  • HOLY SPIRIT – in charge of individual people (who believe the Son)

trinity function graphicHow he appears to us depends upon what he’s doing from our perspective at any particular moment.

When we think of the God who created the universe and established physical and spiritual laws, we think of God the Father.

When we think of God coming to earth in human form, teaching and demonstrating, and paying the penalty for our sins, we think of God the Son.

When we think of God providing personal direction and strength for daily living, we think of God the Holy Spirit.

From our perspective, the Father seems most important, and thus higher in the hierarchy, because of his awesome power and all-encompassing scope of activity. But we identify with the Son because he came to our level and in love sacrificed his life for us. However, for daily living, we relate moment-by-moment with the Holy Spirit because he’s our inner presence and practical help.

OUR OWN TRINITY HELPS US UNDERSTAND

We can understand the trinity nature of God, at least a little, because man too has a trinity nature (though less developed than God’s). Our soul (mind/will/emotion), with limitless possibilities, is in overall control; our body performs practical tasks; and our spirit communicates at a level deeper than words.

Because of our trinity nature, a person is able to engage in different kinds of relationships, which might even make him look like different persons, depending upon what he’s doing at the moment of someone else’s perception. For example:

  • A man is president of a giant corpor­ation, and he does spectacular work in directing R&D, controlling manufactur­ing and conducting world­wide marketing. But he comes home and sits at the table for family dinner. And in the evening, he puts his child on his lap and listens and talks about simple things from the child’s world.
  • To his business associates, he’s the lofty executive with the strong mind and will, affecting the lives of everyone in the company.
  • To his wife and children, he’s the loving and caring head of the family, meeting practical needs.
  • To his child on his lap, he’s just ‘daddy’ in a wonderful love and trust relationship.

Similarly, at any moment, God may appear high or low on the trinity hierarchy – near or far – depending upon our focus of what he’s doing for us. He’s one God, but he works in different ways at different levels.

GOD’S TRINITY IS HIGHER ORDER THAN MAN’S TRINITY

The comparison of God’s trinity to man’s trinity is only to help convey the idea of it. Of course, God has a much higher form of trinity than we do.

His mind is vastly superior, capable of designing a universe. His will is vastly superior, capable of willing things into existence. His emotion is vastly superior, causing him to make personal relationships the highest priority of his creation.

His body (Jesus Christ) is vastly superior, capable of rising from the dead and passing through closed doors.

His spirit is vastly superior, capable of maintaining millions of personal contacts simultaneously.

Our human minds are incapable of comprehending the mystery of God’s trinity and superiority, but he’s told us enough in the Bible to convey the basic concept.

EXCERPTS FROM THE BIBLE:

Jesus talks about the Trinity

‘I am in the Father, and the Father is in me... it is the Father living in me, who is doing his work... these words you hear are not my own; they belong to the Father who sent me... in a little while you will see me no more because I am going back to the Father... but the Holy Spirit, who the Father will send in my name, will teach you all things and will remind you of everything I have said to you.’ – John 14-16

Here's a sampling of what the Bible says on this subject.

John 14:28-31
Father is greater than the Son

Mark 1:12
Spirit tells Jesus what to do

For help, see Topic 29.

There’s only one God, not three Gods.

ONE GOD, BUT THREE MODES OF EXISTENCE

The word ‘trinity’ doesn’t appear anywhere in the Bible. The Bible speaks only of God – one God – but uses many words and names to describe him (see Topic 44). The Bible does say, however, that God functions in the following three modes of existence (which theologians call ‘trinity’):

MODE 1. God is the pre-existing, all-powerful, all-knowing, everywhere-present creator and sustainer of the universe. For this broad understanding of God, the Bible uses the word ‘Father’ (see Topics 42 and 45).

MODE 2. God (part of him) came to earth for a brief time in a human body (Jesus Christ) so that, by using human speech and demonstrations of practical love, mankind could learn about God’s plans and purposes. Also, in this human mode, he provided the once-for-all ultimate sacrifice for mankind. In this mode, the Bible refers to him as the ‘Son of God’ and the ‘Son of man,’ or simply the ‘Son’ (see Topics 43 and 45).

MODE 3. God (part of him) has a personal and intimate relationship with every individual who confesses sin and accepts Jesus Christ as savior. In this relational mode, the Bible refers to him as the ‘Holy Spirit’ (see Topics 44-45).

Even though he functions in three different modes, he’s still ONE GOD. (And, for all we know, he may function in still other modes we don’t know about and can’t comprehend.)

DICTIONARY DEFINITION

MODE: a manner or way of acting, doing, or being; method or form; a special attribute or emphasis that marks certain individuals or things.

GOD IS NOT A DIVINE COMMITTEE OF THREE

God is regarded by some people as three gods in some kind of mysterious union, and consequently the trinity is often erroneously viewed as a divine committee of three in heaven.

GOD graphicThis concept conjures up images of a grandfatherly old man in a white robe sitting on a throne... Jesus Christ, his son, at his side... accompanied by a mysterious ghost-like someone or something. Some people project this imagery even further by seeing Mary, Jesus’ earthly mother, as a kind of deity in this scene.

We must be careful not to derive our understanding of God from common notions, but instead from our most authoritative source of spiritual knowledge, the Bible, which says that GOD IS ONE GOD and that his nature is beyond our simple conventional images.

However, the Bible says – and we can experience – that he’s a personal God who relates to mankind through Jesus Christ and to each individual through the Holy Spirit. In this sense – the way he functions – we may experience him almost as though he were three Gods (a creator-God in heaven, a teacher-savior on earth, and a divine inner presence). In essence, he’s ONE GOD functioning in three modes.

‘PERSONS’ IS NOT A GOOD DESCRIPTION OF TRINITY

Theologians often use these words to describe the trinity:

One divine essence (substance or being) existing in three persons

A well-known church hymn uses these words:

Holy, holy, holy, merciful and mighty,
God in three persons, blessed trinity

For centuries, God has been referred to as the ‘three persons of the trinity,’ but that’s confusing terminology to convey what the Bible really says about the nature of God.

The word ‘person’ now means something quite different than it did centuries ago. Then, it was a word referring to habitual patterns and qualities of behavior. Today, ‘person’ means a self-conscious, autonomous individual. When we apply today’s meaning to the concept of trinity, it sounds as if we’re speaking of three Gods. Thus, the word is misleading.

Trinity refers not to persons (as 1+1+1=3) but to dimensions (as 1x1x1=1).

A SINGLE ESSENCE IN THREE MODES

h2o trinity comparison graphicWater is an example of a single essence that functions in three modes. It’s essence is always two hydrogen atoms connected to an oxygen atom (H2O), but it functions variously as liquid, solid and gas. It looks and acts differently in each mode, but it’s always the same essence.

  • We don’t say we drank a glass of H2O; we say we drank a glass of water
  • We don’t say we skated on H2O; we say we skated on ice
  • We don’t say the locomotive was powered by H2O; we say it was powered by steam

To our perceptions, the mode is so clear and distinct that for practical purposes we forget the essence. Similarly, in our spiritual perceptions, we say:

  • God created the universe
  • Jesus Christ came to earth
  • The Holy Spirit lives within me

Understanding how H2O functions in three modes gives us some understanding of how God functions in three modes. Sometimes H2O is a vast surging sea (Father), sometimes the beauty of a snowflake (Son), and sometimes the invisible power in a steam engine (Holy Spirit).

With the simple but profound concept of water diagrammed here (two hydrogen atoms connected to an oxygen atom), we have an important key to understanding the physical world.

Similarly, with the simple but profound concept of trinity diagrammed here (Father, Son and Holy Spirit), we have an important key to understanding the spiritual world.

In using diagrams, however, we must remember that they’re just visual representations of real things too mysterious to fully comprehend. If a drop of water is staggeringly complex, how much more complex is God himself!

Basic concepts of God’s design plan – like H2O and trinity – can give us adequate working knowledge for everyday living even though the intricacies still remain a mystery.

See Topic 8 for another example (light) from the physical world that helps us understand the concept of trinity.

Here's a sampling of what the Bible says on this subject.

Ephesians 4:4
One God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all

John 10:30
Jesus says he and the Father are one

Matthew 28:19, I Corinthians 12:4-6, I Peter 1-2
Same worship is given and works ascribed to Father, Son and Holy Spirit

For help, see Topic 29.

The Bible says God is a trinity (three parts): Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

IMPORTANT TRANSITION:

It’s important to see the connection between Topic 7 and Topic 39

Momentarily, refer back to Topic 7, which was:

  • God designed us as a trinity
  • We have body, soul and spirit

For brevity, this resource could have moved directly from Topic 7 (man’s trinity) to Topic 39 (God’s trinity). However, for most people that would have been too much without first getting insight from Topics 8-37 (about other people’s beliefs and about the Bible). Now, after completing those intervening Topics, the main theme continues.

MAN IS A TRINITY, GOD ALSO IS A TRINITY

From personal experience, we know that man is a trinity and functions in three modes, called body, soul and spirit (see Topic 7).

The Bible says that God also is a trinity (a single divine being who functions in three modes), called Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

This is no coincidence. The Bible says we were created in the image (likeness) of God:

  • ‘Then God said, Let us make man in our image, in our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth...’
  • ‘So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him: male and female he created them...’
  • ‘...for in the image of God has God made man...’

If we resemble God, then God resembles us, and thus we have an important insight into God’s nature. Many people who once had difficulty understanding the term ‘trinity’ now grasp the concept because they see the similarity between man and God. By experiencing our own trinity, we’re able to comprehend God’s trinity.

Trinity means functioning simultaneously on three different planes (or spheres) of existence:

  • the plane of mind, will and emotion
  • the plane of physical activity
  • the plane of connection with God

As human beings, we experience what it’s like to function on each of these planes. This personal experience gives us adequate understanding of how God, too, can function on different (though higher) planes of existence. The way we function on each plane is called a ‘mode’ of our existence.

ONLY ONE PART OF TRINITY IS PHYSICAL

It’s important to recognize that only one part of our trinity (and God’s trinity) is physical.

The body part is the only part that dies (although even it can be resurrected and changed). The soul and spirit are not limited by time and space; the soul and spirit live forever.

Most people think of man essentially as a body and soul rather than as a trinity, and consequently they are largely unaware of the spirit part – the most important part – of our being.

That’s why spiritual discovery is so exciting; people find a dynamic part of their being they never knew existed! The spirit of man is designed to connect with the spirit of God, and when that happens, there’s a wonderful and powerful life-change (see Topics 60 and 62).

TRINITY EXPLAINS FUNCTION BUT NOT CHARACTER

The Bible reveals two dimensions to God: One dimension is what he does and the other is who he is.

Stated another way, one dimension of God is function, the other dimension is character.

This is the distinction between doing and being. Since man is made in God’s image, we understand the distinction because it applies also to us. We can’t really understand a person by observing only what he does; we also need to know why he does it.

For an accurate concept of God, we need to understand both his function and his character. Topics 40-45 tell us about his function (how he works as a trinity) and Topics 46-50 tell us about his character (why he does certain things).

The better we understand God, the easier it is for us to place our faith in him.

Here's a sampling of what the Bible says on this subject.

Genesis 1:26-27, 9:6
Man made in the image of God

Matthew 28:19
God is Father, Son and Holy Spirit

For help, see Topic 29.